Childhood Obesity and Psychopathology

By Michelle Gilchrist and Alan Zametkin, MD | September 1, 2006

Dr Zametkin is a senior clinical staff physician at the National Institute of Mental Health in Bethesda, Maryland. He reports that he has no conflicts of interest concerning the subject matter of this article.This article was not written as part of Dr Zametkin's official duties as a government employee, and the views expressed herein do not necessarily represent the views of the NIMH, MIH, HHS, or the United States government.

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Drugs Mentioned in This Article

Amphetamine (Adderall)
Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
Clozapine (Clozaril)
Felbamate (Felbatol)
Haloperidol (Haldol)
Lithium (Eskalith)
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
Risperidone (Risperdal)
Topiramate (Topamax)
Zonisamide (Zonegran)

Evidence-Based References

Britz B, Siegfried W, Ziegler A, et al. Rates of psychiatric disorders in a clinical study group of adolescents with extreme obesity and in obese adolescents ascertained via a population based study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000;24:1707-1714.
Epstein LH, Myers MD, Raynor HA, Saelens BE. Treatment of pediatric obesity. Pediatrics. 1998;101: 554-570.

References

1. Barlow SE, Trowbridge FL, Klish WJ, Dietz WH. Treatment of child and adolescent obesity: reports from pediatricians, pediatric nurse practitioners, and registered dietitians. Pediatrics. 2002;110:229-235.
2. Fitzgibbon M. Commentary on psychiatric aspects of child and adolescent obesity: a review of the past 10 years. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004;43: 151-153.
3. Zametkin AJ, Zoon CK, Klein HW, Munson S. Psychiatric aspects of child and adolescent obesity: a review of the past 10 years. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004;43:134-150.
4. Barlow SE, Dietz WH. Obesity evaluations and treatment: expert committee recommendations: the Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration and the Department of Health and Human Services. Pediatrics. 1998;102:E29.
5. National Center for Health Statistics. Prevalence of Overweight Among Children and Adolescents: United States, 1999. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/pubs/pubd/hestats/
overwght99.htm. Accessed August 1, 2006.
6. Goodman E, Whitaker RC. A prospective study of the role of depression in the development and persistence of adolescent obesity. Pediatrics. 2002;110: 497-504.
7. Ogden CL, Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Jonson CL. Prevalence and trends in overweight among US children and adolescents, 1999-2000. JAMA. 2002;288: 1728-1732.
8. Pesa JA, Syre TS, Jones E. Psychosocial differences associated with body weight among female adolescents: the importance of body image. J Adolesc Health. 2000;26:330-337.
9. Pine DS, Cohen P, Brook J, Coplan JD. Psychiatric symptoms in adolescence as predictors of obesity in early adulthood: a longitudinal study. Am J Public Health. 1997;87:1303-1310.
10. Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M, French SA, et al. Psychosocial concerns and health compromising behaviors among overweight and nonoverweight adolescents. Obes Res. 1997;5:237-249.
11. Britz B, Siegfried W, Ziegler A, et al. Rates of psychiatric disorders in a clinical study group of adolescents with extreme obesity and in obese adolescents ascertained via a population based study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000;24:1707-1714.
12. Rumpel C, Harris TB. The influence of weight on adolescent self-esteem. J Psychom Res. 1994;38: 547-556.
13. Kawachi I. Physical and psychological consequences of weight gain. J Clin Psychiatry. 1999;60(suppl 21): 5-9.
14. French SA, Story M, Perry CL. Self-esteem and obesity in children and adolescents: a literature review. Obes Res. 1995;3:479-490.
15. Moore LL, Lombardi DA, White MJ, et al. Influence of parents' physical activity levels on activity levels of young children. J Pediatr. 1991;118:215-219.
16. Rand CS, Macgregor AM. Adolescents having obesity surgery: a 6-year follow-up. South Med J. 1994;87: 1208-1213.
17. Epstein LH, Myers MD, Raynor HA, Saelens BE. Treatment of pediatric obesity. Pediatrics. 1998;101: 554-570.
18. Jelalian E, Saelens BE. Empirically supported treatments on pediatric psychology: pediatric obesity. J Pediatr Psychol. 1999;24:223-248.
19. Masand P. Weight gain with psychotropics: size does matter. J Clin Psychiatry. 1999;60(suppl 20):3-4.
20. Horrigan JP, Barnhill LJ, Kohli RR. Adderall, the atypicals, and weight gain. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001;40:620.
21. Gothelf D, Falk B, Singer P, et al. Weight gain associated with increased food intake and low habitual activity levels in male adolescent schizophrenic inpatients treated with olanzapine. Am J Psychiatry. 2002;159: 1055-1057.
22. Sachs GS, Guille C. Weight gain associated with use of psychotropic medications. J Clin Psychiatry. 1999;60 (suppl 21):16-19.

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Childhood Obesity and Psychopathology

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Drugs Mentioned in This Article