Active smokers had the highest prevalence of all six sleep-disturbance items on the 2002 questionnaire, and all seven such items on the 2006 version.
"The prevalence of each sleep-related item among nonsmokers with environmental tobacco smoke (passive smoking) showed a mean value intermediate between that among active smokers (smoking) and that among nonsmokers without environmental tobacco smoke (non-smoking)," the investigators wrote.
When the investigators conducted multiple logistic regression analyses to estimate the association between sleep disorders and smoking status after adjusting for covariates, they found that in the 2002 survey, non-smokers exposed to passive smoke were significantly more likely than those not exposed to passive smoke to report insufficient amounts of sleep, difficulties in initiating sleep, and short sleep duration.
Non-smoking passive smokers in the 2006 survey were significantly more likely to suffer from subjective insufficient sleep, difficulty initiating sleep, early morning awakening), short sleep duration, and snoring loudly or breathing uncomfortably.
