Intrinsic Sleep Disorders

A Smartphone-Based Intervention With Diaries and Therapist-Feedback to Reduce Catastrophizing and Increase Functioning in Women With Chronic Widespread Pain: Randomized Controlled Trial|Background: Internet-based interventions using cognitive behavioral approaches can be effective in promoting self-management of chronic pain conditions. Web-based programs delivered via smartphones are increasingly used to support the self-management of various health disorders, but research on smartphone interventions for

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus are common and underdiagnosed medical conditions. It was predicted that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease will be the third leading cause of death worldwide by 2020. The healthcare burden of this disease is even greater if we consider the significant impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.|Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus a

PLOS ONE: an inclusive, peer-reviewed, open-access resource from the PUBLIC LIBRARY OF SCIENCE. Reports of well-performed scientific studies from all disciplines freely available to the whole world.

PLoS ONE: an inclusive, peer-reviewed, open-access resource from the PUBLIC LIBRARY OF SCIENCE. Reports of well-performed scientific studies from all disciplines freely available to the whole world.

PLoS ONE: an inclusive, peer-reviewed, open-access resource from the PUBLIC LIBRARY OF SCIENCE. Reports of well-performed scientific studies from all disciplines freely available to the whole world.

The understanding that sleep can give rise to, or exacerbate symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and that good sleep hygiene improves attention and concentration tasks has sparked interest in the investigation of possible etiological relationships between sleep disorders and ADHD. Studies indicate that 30% of children and 60-80% of adults with ADHD have symptoms of sleep disorders such as daytime sleepiness, insomnia, delayed sleep phase syndrome, fractured sleep, restless legs syndrome, and sleep disordered breathing. The range and diversity of findings by different researchers have posed challenges in establishing whether sleep disturbances are intrinsic to ADHD or whether disturbances occur due to co-morbid sleep disorders. As a result, understanding of the nature of the relationship between sleep disturbances/disorders and ADHD remains unclear. In this review, we present a comprehensive and critical account of the research that has been carried out to

Consciousness and vigilance level are important factors for the manifestation and variability of many disorders, including movement disorders. Usually lumped together into unspecified "Wakefulness," the transition between wakefulness and sleep--the pre-dormitum, and between sleep and wakefulness--the post-dormitum, possess intrinsic cerebral metabolic patterns and mental, behavioural, and neurophysiological characteristics which make these peculiar states of vigilance independent. Moreover, the pre- and post-dormitum, with the relative state-dependent changes in firing patterns of many neuronal supra-pinal populations, act to release pacemakers responsible for different sleep-related motor phenomena. The relevance of pre-dormitum and post-dormitum as states different from full wakefulness and full sleep is, indeed, indicated by disorders which appear exclusively during either state, including motor disorders such as propriospinal myoclonus and awakening epilepsy. We will focus on

While sleep disorders are common in Parkinson's disease and other basal ganglia disorders, information on sleep disturbances in dystonia is limited to generalized forms or Segawa disease. Although many patients with idiopathic cervical dystonia (CD) and blepharospasm (BL) report poor sleep, there are no data on frequency or interactions with well known symptoms like depression and pain. Standardized interviews and assessment instruments, clinical examinations, and self rating forms were applied in 221 patients with CD and BL, and in 93 neurologically healthy controls. Impaired sleep quality was found in 44% of CD patients, 46% of BL patients, and 20% of controls. In dystonia, it was associated with symptoms of depression (frequency of 26%; p<0.001) and restless legs syndrome (RLS) (frequency of 19%; p<0.01). Bruxism (in CD; p<0.05), and female sex (in BL; p<0.001) were identified as further risk factors, but not severity of dystonic symptoms. Excessive daytime

Circadian rhythms are near 24-h cycles in a number of physiological and behavioural parameters and the underpinning circadian timing systems is one of the key homeostatic regulatory systems in mammalian physiology. Many common psychiatric conditions are associated with disrupted sleep, including a common occurrence of delayed or advanced phase sleep syndromes, which in themselves may be indicative of dysregulated circadian timing in these disorders. In this article we discuss the evidence for abnormal circadian rhythms in seasonal affective disorder, bipolar disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Much of this evidence suggest that these conditions are associated with either phase delays or phase advances of core phase markers of the circadian clock such as melatonin or core body temperature, suggesting the presence of circadian desynchrony in these conditions. We also highlight findings that pharmacological and/or behavioural interventions that ameliorate circadian

Treatment of circadian rhythm disorders, whether precipitated by intrinsic factors (e.g., sleep disorders, blindness, mental disorders, aging) or by extrinsic factors (e.g., shift work, jet-lag) has led to the development of a new type of agents called "chronobiotics". The term "chronobiotic" defines a substance displaying the therapeutic activity of shifting the phase or increasing the amplitude of the circadian rhythms. The prototype of this therapeutic group is melatonin, whose administration synchronizes the sleep-wake cycle in blind people and in individuals suffering from circadian rhythm sleep disorders, like delayed sleep phase syndrome, jet lag or shift-work. Daily melatonin production decreases with age, and in several pathologies, attaining its lowest values in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. About half of dementia patients have severe disruptions in their sleep-wakefulness cycle. Melatonin replacement is effective to treat sundowning and other sleep wake disorders in

American Thoracic Society Documents Curriculum and Competency Assessment Tools for Sleep Disorders in Pulmonary Fellowship Training Programs This official statement of the American Thoracic Society ( ATS) was approved by the ATS ... Because there is

Life Directives Nutrition Sleep Evaluation Cardiac Involvement Management Airway Clearance Respiratory Muscle Training Noninvasive Nocturnal Ventilation Daytime Noninvasive Ventilation Continuous Invasive Ventilation Scoliosis in DMD Corticosteroids

unexplained anemia or history of previous DDAVP use Negative Positive No Yes Figure 1: Initial Evaluation for VWD or other Bleeding Disorders ( e.g., an asymptomatic patient who will undergo surgery ... Laboratory Assessment for VWD or other Bleeding

522 Measurements during Sleep. 523 Tests of Respiratory Control. 524 Carbon Monoxide Transfer. ... 598 Strength, Fatigue, and Endurance of Upper Airway Muscles. 598 Site of Pharyngeal Airway Closure during Sleep.

during varying levels of activity and concentration, in all stages of sleep, with spontaneous breathing, and with artificial ventilation, and to assess ventilatory responsiveness to physiologic challenges while awake and asleep, ( ... stages of sleep,