Schizotypal Personality Disorder

AJP. Articles | May 01, 2012 . Prospective Predictors of Suicidal Behavior in Borderline Personality Disorder at 6-Year Follow-Up. ... Abstract. Objective: Recurrent suicidal behavior is a defining characteristic of borderline personality

It has long been recognized that schizophrenia-like pathology is also expressed at attenuated levels in individuals with schizotypal or schizoid personality traits,. ... hence reducing the possibility of false-positive outcomes. We hypothesized the

AJP. Articles | May 01, 2012 . Attainment and Stability of Sustained Symptomatic Remission and Recovery Among Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder and Axis II Comparison Subjects: A 16-Year Prospective Follow-Up ... 22, 2011. Dr.

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PLoS ONE: an inclusive, peer-reviewed, open-access resource from the PUBLIC LIBRARY OF SCIENCE. Reports of well-performed scientific studies from all disciplines freely available to the whole world.

Individuals with schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) share genetic, phenomenologic, and cognitive abnormalities with people diagnosed with schizophrenia. To date, 15 structural MRI studies of the brain have examined size, and 3 diffusion tensor imaging studies have examined white matter connectivity in SPD. Overall, both types of structural neuroimaging modalities have shown temporal lobe abnormalities similar to those observed in schizophrenia, while frontal lobe regions appear to show more sparing. This intriguing pattern suggests that frontal lobe sparing may suppress psychosis, which is consistent with the idea of a possible neuroprotective factor. In this paper, we review these 18 studies and discuss whether individuals with SPD who both resemble and differ from schizophrenia patients in their phenomenology, share some or all of the structural brain imaging characteristics of schizophrenia. We attempt to group the MRI abnormalities in SPD into three patterns: 1) a spectrum of

DSM-IV drug use disorders, a major public health problem, are highly comorbid with other psychiatric disorders, but little is known about the role of this comorbidity when studied prospectively in the general population. Our aims were to determine the role of comorbid psychopathology in the 3-year persistence of drug use disorders.|Secondary data analysis using waves 1 (2001-02) and 2 (2005-05) of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions.|Respondents with current DSM-IV drug use disorder at wave 1 who participated in wave 2 (n = 613).|Alcohol Use Disorders and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule IV (AUDADIS-IV) obtained DSM-IV Axis I and II diagnoses. Persistent drug use disorder was defined as meeting full criteria for any drug use disorder between waves 1 and 2.|Drug use disorders persisted in 30.9% of respondents. No Axis I disorders predicted persistence. Antisocial [odds ratio (OR) = 2.75; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.27-5.99], borderline (OR =

While schizophrenia has been associated with a slight excess of winter/early spring birth, it is unclear whether there is such an association in relation to schizotypal personality traits. Season of birth has also been reported to relate to temperament and character personality dimensions and cognitive functioning. Moreover, non-clinical schizotypy has been shown to be associated with mild cognitive impairment, although its precise nature is yet to be elucidated. Here we examined the relationships between season of birth, schizotypal traits, temperament and character, and cognitive function. Four hundred and fifty-one healthy adults completed the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ). The Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and a neuropsychological test battery consisting of full versions of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, were also administered to most of the participants. The total

Few disaster studies have specifically examined personality in association with exposure to disaster and development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A study of survivors of the Oklahoma City bombing examined PTSD and personality measured after the disaster.|In a random sample of 255 survivors from a bombing survivor registry, 151 (59%) completed both full PTSD and personality assessments using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule and the Temperament and Character Inventory, respectively.|Postbombing PTSD was associated with low self-directedness and low cooperativeness, and also with high self-transcendence and harm avoidance in most configurations. Disorganized (schizotypal) character and explosive (borderline) temperament configurations were associated with PTSD; creative and autocratic character configurations were negatively associated with PTSD.|Clinicians should be vigilant for PTSD among individuals with personality disorders and also be aware that personality disorders

Patients with schizophrenia have deficits in facial affect expression and detection that hinder social interactions. The goal of this study was to examine whether or not epidemiologically-related antipsychotic-nave schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) subjects would have similar deficits as patients with schizophrenia.|Matched SPD and healthy comparison (HC) subjects were asked to identify the eight classic emotions (SPD N=55, HC N=67) and to discriminate gender. Subjects (SPD N=22, HC N=17) were also photographed while displaying the same emotional expressions. Raters scored the subjects' facial expressions along several dimensions.|SPD subjects compared with HC were slower and less accurate in identifying facial expressions. This may have been driven by deficits in identifying gender. Although raters were able to identify correctly SPD and HC subjects' expressions equally well, raters found SPD subjects' facial expressions to be more odd, more ambiguous, and the subjects less