Causal Explanations that Suggest How to Change

Causal Explanations that Suggest How to Change

• Phobic stimuli lead to avoidance that creates distress
• Thoughts determine behavior and emotion
• Interpersonal schemas can interfere with interpersonal functioning
• Symptoms represent once-adaptive behavior carried forward into the present
• Boundary problems cause psychological distress
• Reinforcers control behavior
• Systemic dynamics control individual and group behavior
• Human development creates psychological instability
• Personal futures can cause problems in the present
• Brain biochemical abnormalities cause problematic thinking, emotions and behaviorSource: B. Beitman, M.D. 1994.