Vol 38, Issue 6

With a broader and multifaceted understanding of pain, patient care can move from a focus on eradicating pain, as based on objective pain scores, to improving the patient’s quality of life, while simultaneously decreasing pain to a level that is acceptable to the individual patient.

Early-life stress can modify an individual's genetic code, leading to mental health problems later in life. But by understanding the science of epigenetics, psychiatrists can treat these conditions, and prevent intergenerational trauma.